Chapter 2 Study Guide

Chapter 2 Notes:

Langue: formal grammar , Parole: informal usage
usage based on degrees of familiarity, relational assumptions, strict rules
Where do we use them? Why? (26)
Which is likely “low code” and “high code”? (40)


Polysemy: multiple meanings for the same word
determinants of intended meaning: context, interpretation (ambiguity), relationship
When can this run into problems for us? (27)

Frames:
Naming: distinguishes- contrasts, random (arbitrary- not intrinsically connected0
Sapir/ Whorf hypothesis: “you think what you can say”, verbal comm makes conceptual distinctions. Naming labels and distinguishes.
Do you agree?? why or why not?(29)

Meanings:
Denotative: blatant identification (literal)
Connotative: implied (relational- ambiguous)
Which is better? More social? (30)

Presentation: subjective perspective or version, Representation: objective factual information
How do these portrayals appear in society? Which is an “account”? Why? (35/45)


Talk in relationships:
instrumental function: to make something happen in the relationship
indexical function: indicate something about the relationship (hypertext)
essential function: creating relationship and defining it
How does hypertexting relate to the indexical function?
What is your impression of the “face” analogy (40)??

-Accomodation: adapting your speech to your audience to gain or confirm a connection
Convergence: moving toward the style of talk of the respondent
Divergence: moving away from the style of talk of the respondent
Why would we do either of these methods?

Narratives: organized story
Burke's Pentad: scene (where), agent (who), act (what happened), agency (how it happened), purpose (why, to what end: outcome)
Where do narratives occur? In society? What affects can they have?
What does culture, relationships, and context have to do with narratives?
How do narratives relate to accounts? (42-46)